Atypical fibroxanthoma is a type of skin cancer which is often misdiagnosed as a less serious skin condition. Normally, cells in the body will grow and divide to replace old or damaged cells. This growth is usually precise. Once enough cells are produced to replace the old ones, normal cells stop dividing. Tumors occur when there is an error and cells continue to grow uncontrollably. With atypical fibroxanthoma, a tumor begins in the skin.
As atypical fibroxanthoma signs may look like other conditions, it can be difficult to detect in its earlier stages. Treatment will depend on age, overall health, cancer stage, cancer size and location and other factors.
What are the symptoms of atypical fibroxanthoma?
Usually, a red, dome-shaped lump (tumor) appears on areas of the body that have received excessive sun exposure such as the scalp, ears, nose, cheeks or back of the neck. This can also appear in an area that previously received radiation therapy. However, atypical fibroxanthoma can occur anywhere on the body.
What are the causes of atypical fibroxanthoma?
Atypical fibroxanthoma is strongly associated with excessive sun exposure and aging as most cases appear after 60 years old. Other risk factors may include a weakened immune system and exposure to radiation therapy.
How is atypical fibroxanthoma diagnosed?
First, your doctor will learn your and your family’s medical history and perform a physical exam. Your doctor may refer you to a dermatologist (skin specialist). A dermatologist may perform a physical exam or biopsy (removing a tiny piece of tissue for examination). To learn how severe the cancer may be, your doctor will classify it by stage and grade.
How is atypical fibroxanthoma treated?
Treatment depends on the type of atypical fibroxanthoma but most likely includes surgery or specialized Mohs surgery (surgery that removes cancer from the skin in layers). Your treatment will depend on age, overall health, cancer stage, cancer size and location, and other factors.