Why test for TSH?

This post was written by Lisa Daniel, MLS (ASCP), BB, Director of Corporate Lab Services, Parkview Health.

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is a chemical made by the pituitary gland. This hormone activates the thyroid gland. A TSH test measures the amount of hormone in the blood. Certain conditions of the thyroid and pituitary gland can cause an imbalance in the hormonal system, leading to an overly active thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) or an underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism). With direct access testing, patients can order this test without a physician's referral.
 

Abnormal TSH symptoms

An imbalance in your TSH can cause a variety of symptoms, so a blood test is required to diagnose them.

Hyperthyroidism means your thyroid gland is over activated. Because the thyroid controls how your body uses energy, an overactive thyroid means  your metabolism speeds up, which may lead to sudden weight loss or feeling nervous and moody.

Common symptoms of low TSH levels include:

• Rapid heartbeat (palpitations)

• Feeling shaky and/or anxious

• Unexplained weight loss with increased appetite

• Diarrhea

• Vision changes and/or bulging eyes

• Thin, warm and moist skin

• Swelling and enlargement of the neck from an enlarged thyroid gland (goiter)

• Irregular menstrual periods

• Weight gain 

• Depression and slow thoughts

• Muscle cramps

• Dry skin, brittle hair and nails

• Reduced libido

Hypothyroidism means your thyroid gland is underactive. An underactive thyroid affects the entire body, causing tiredness and weakness. If left untreated, it can elevate your cholesterol levels.

Common symptoms of high TSH levels include:

• Fatigue

• Numbness and tingling in your hands

• Constipation

• Unexplained weight gain

• Depression

• Being unable to tolerate cold temperatures

• Reduced libido

• Frequent and heavy menstrual periods
   

Results

Abnormal TSH levels may indicate either hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. The normal range for TSH varies by age and may differ between labs. TSH levels can also fluctuate throughout the day, so it's best to have your blood drawn in the morning. Although the TSH test can measure hormone levels, it cannot diagnose the specific cause of these issues and may require additional investigation.

Always check your lab report for the specific reference range used and consult your primary care provider if you have questions about your levels.
 

Treatment options

Treating hypothyroidism usually involves taking oral medication to return the hormone levels to a healthy range.

For hyperthyroidism, the best approach depends on your age, overall health, the underlying cause of hyperthyroidism and the severity of your symptoms.

Therapies may include:

• Anti-thyroid medicine

• Beta-blockers

• Radioiodine therapy

• Thyroidectomy
   

Schedule your appointment

Parkview Health Laboratories offers direct access testing for the TSH test to patients without requiring a physician's order or scheduling an appointment. With multiple convenient locations, getting tested is simple and efficient. Visit a direct access testing location near you and take proactive steps to monitor your health.