This post was written by Ashley M. Bojrab, DPM, FACFAS, ABPM, CWS, PPG – Podiatry.
Have you ever taken your toenail polish off and noticed a black toenail? Maybe you dropped something on your foot and the nail turned black. While it can be a scary discovery, the cause and treatment are typically simple.
What causes a toenail to be discolored?
Typically, toenails change color because of some type of trauma. Whether stubbing your toe on the bed or nightstand, improperly fitted shoes, excessive amounts of running or a pet stepping on your foot, force and pressure can cause a break in the skin under the nail. Toenails can be damaged fairly easily, and when this happens, bleeding can occur underneath the nail, causing a black or purplish discoloration.
Another reason why toenails could turn black is nail fungus. Picking up something like athlete’s foot can darken the toenail and cause thickening of the nail with white crumbly debris under the nail.
How long will the nail be discolored?
If you notice a black spot in the center of the nail, it will grow out toward the tip of the toe over the course of 6 to 9 months. Sometimes, the toenail will fall off when the entire nail is involved.
When should I seek professional treatment for a discolored nail?
If the whole nail is involved, the toenail may need to be surgically removed. Depending on how bad the trauma is, it can break the bone underneath the nail, which could require additional expert attention.
Nail fungus can be unsightly and very difficult to treat. It can even cause permanent damage to the nail. Over-the-counter treatments can be ineffective, so seeking professional medical treatment is advised.
If the black discoloration begins to spread over time and does not grow out, this could be concerning for melanoma, a type of skin cancer. If this is the case, then it’s very important to be evaluated by your medical team.
How can I prevent discolored toenails?
Some ways to prevent black toenails from developing include:
- Wear properly fitted shoes. Feet can change over time, so it’s important to measure them to ensure a well-fitted shoe.
- Keep shoe gear clean by spraying it with disinfecting spray and allowing it to dry properly if wet.
- Always wear socks with shoes.
- Remove toenail polish frequently to allow toenails to breathe.
- Inspect the toenails for discoloration regularly.
- Wear shoes around the house to prevent any injuries to the toes.
Generally speaking, keeping your feet clean and dry, and being mindful of the activity you’re doing and the best shoe gear to protect them are the best ways to prevent toenail trauma.
If you have any concerns about any symptoms or injury to your foot, speak with your podiatrist*. We are here to help every step of the way.
*Dr. Bojrab offers virtual visits, which could be a good option for this condition. She is currently the only PPG – Podiatry provider offering telehealth visits for patients, but we encourage you to continue to check back, as we are continually expanding these offerings.
