This post was written by Jennifer Rechter, MSN, RN-BC, AG-CNS, sepsis coordinator, Parkview Health.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), sepsis is one of the most frequent causes of death worldwide. In the United States alone, it claims the lives of more than 350,000 adults every year. Despite its prevalence, many people are unaware of how quickly a minor infection can escalate into this life-threatening illness. In recognition of National Sepsis Awareness Month, the Sepsis Alliance encourages us all to take the T.I.M.E. to learn and educate others on the dangers of sepsis.
What is sepsis?
Sepsis occurs when the body's response to an infection causes damage to vital organs and tissues. If left untreated, this severe reaction can lead to organ failure and, in severe cases, death (septic shock).
Sepsis can develop from any infection, including bacterial, viral, fungal or parasitic. The most common sites of infection that can lead to sepsis are the lung, urinary tract, gut or skin.
Who is at risk?
Anyone can be impacted by sepsis, regardless of age or health. However, some groups are at a higher risk, including:
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Older adults (65+)
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Infants under one year old
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Pregnant or post-partum individuals
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Those who previously survived sepsis
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Individuals with chronic conditions, such as diabetes, lung disease, cancer and kidney disease
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People recovering from severe illness, surgery or hospitalization
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Individuals with weakened immune systems
Identifying the signs
Because sepsis can present a range of symptoms, it can be challenging to distinguish it from other infections. Fortunately, the Sepsis Alliance has created an easy-to-remember acronym to help people recognize the warning signs.
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Temperature - higher or lower than normal
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Infection - existing signs of infection such as but not limited to:
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Fever or chills
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New or worsening pain
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Confusion
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Extremely sleepy
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Racing heartbeat
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Fast breathing
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Shortness of breath
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Redness, warmth or discharge around a wound
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Mental decline - confusion, difficulty rousing or trouble staying awake
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Extremely ill - severe pain, discomfort or shortness of breath
If you or a loved one experiences any combination of these symptoms, seek urgent medical care, call 911 or go to the nearest hospital immediately.
Why is quick action crucial?
One of the most dangerous aspects of sepsis is how quickly it can progress. The chances of survival decrease every hour there is a delay in treatment, with the risk of death rising by 4 – 9% per hour. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent about 80% of sepsis deaths.
These eye-opening rates highlight why raising awareness is crucial. Educating ourselves and others about the signs and symptoms of sepsis can empower our communities to seek emergency care before it's too late. Together, we can help reduce the devastating impact of sepsis and save lives.
See what Parkview is doing to reduce instances of sepsis here.
Sources
[1] Sepsis Alliance. Sepsis Awareness Month Toolkit. Retrieved September 2024. https://www.sepsis.org/get-involved/sepsis-awareness-month/
[2] Sepsis Alliance. COMMON INFECTIONS CAN LEAD TO SEPSIS. Retrieved August 2024. https://www.sepsis.org/education/resources/posters-and-infographics/
